1. Name the first element, define and explain it. Find an external source and provide an example.

"An explanation must explain the maximum number of observations with a minimum number of assumptions. For example, the Law of Gravity covers everything that falls all over the world. There are few preconditions for this to happen." This means that an explanation for something must have the most possible amount of observations, however the least amount of assumptions.

"An explanation, in philosophy, is a set of statements that makes intelligible the existence or occurrence of an object, event, or state of affairs." This means that an explanation is a phrase made up of observations to precisely identify and make sense of what is being explained.

Sources:

[1] [2]