16. Imhotep
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Imhotep was chief architect to the Egyptian pharaoh Djoser. He was responsible for the world's first known monumental stone building- the Step Pyramid at Sakkara. Imhotep is the first architect we know by name. Imhotep was born as a commoner, but his intelligence, determination, genius, natural talents, and dedication allowed him to rise to the rank of one of Djoser's most trusted advisors, as well as the architect of the pharaoh's tomb, the Step Pyramid. Imhotep's influence lasted long after his death. In the New Kingdom he was venerated as the patron of scribes, personifying education and wisdom. He is also described as the son of Ptah, chief god of Memphis, in recognition of his role as as a wise councillor. During the Late Period his veneration extended to deification and he became a local god at Memphis where he was glorified for his skills as a physician and a healer. At Memphis he was served by his own priesthood and was considered to be an intermediary between men and the gods. His reputation lasted until the Arab invasion of North Africa in the seventh century AD. Imhotep was also a priest, writer, a doctor and a founder of the Egyptian studies of astronomy and architecture. He was the world's first named architect who built Egypt's first pyramid, is often recognized as the world's first doctor, a priest,. scribe, sage, poet, astrologer, and a vizier and chief minister. As a physician, Imhotep is believed to have been the author of the Edwin Smith Papyrus in which more than 90 anatomical terms and 48 injuries are described.
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/imhotep.shtml
