Difference between revisions of "Earth Science 7 - Russia, China, and Japan - 8"

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===Climate (using Koppen Scale)===
 
===Climate (using Koppen Scale)===
  
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Dwd: Subarctic with bitterly cold and dry winters and brief, cool summers.<ref name=koppen>http://www.utexas.edu/depts/grg/kimmel/GRG301K/grg301kkoppen.html</ref>
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Almost all of the top part of Russia is Dfc, the most common subarctic climate.  Locations in the Dfc area, such as Siberia, have cold, long winters and brief cool summers.  
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'''''Inaara, you still have about 2 or 3 other climate zones in Russia. PLEASE look at a Koppen map.'''''
  
 
===Monthly Highs and Lows===
 
===Monthly Highs and Lows===
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===How These Things Affect Russia's Climate===
 
===How These Things Affect Russia's Climate===
  
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'''Latitude:''' The latitude of Russia affects the climate because it is near the North Pole. This basically means that Russia's climate is mainly cold. Almost all of the top part of Russia is Dfc, the most common subarctic climate.  Locations in the Dfc area, such as Siberia, have cold, long winters and brief cool summers.    The Caspian Sea, a low elevation point, is going to be warmer because air at lower points is denser and therefore holds more heat.  Climate is also changed by Russian locations’ proximity to water.  Locations near water such as: Rostov-Na-Donu, Sochi, and Astrakhan have a higher precipitation level than places farther away from water such as: Surgat, Tomsk, and Nizhniy Tagil.  Ocean currents play a part in affecting climate as well.  A cold ocean current from the Sea of Okhotsk could cool off a high temperature area near it, and a warm ocean current from the Caspian Sea could warm up a low temperature area near it.  Prevailing winds can also change climate.  Prevailing winds can change water’s surface temperature which can easily change the temperature of cities on the coast such as Okhotsk, Maykhop, and Tumany.  Vegetation also changes the climate.  Places with forests such as Pechora Ylych will warm slower than places with meadows or no trees which warm fast.  High and low pressure zones also affect climate.  In winter an intense high pressure system causes winds to blow from the south and southwest and in the summer a low-pressure system brings winds from the north and northwest.  High pressure zones tend to have sunny weather while low pressure zones mostly have cloud, rainy weather.  Since wind flows from a high pressure area to a low pressure zone if there is a high and low next to each other the location would be extremely windy.
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'''Latitude:''' The latitude of Russia affects the climate because it is near the North Pole. This basically means that Russia's climate is mainly cold.    
  
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'''Elevation:'''In Russia, high elevation places (such as Mount Elbrus, a tall mountain) is cold because air at higher points is less dense, therefore holding less heat.<ref name= rmets>http://www.rmets.org/activities/schools/local_winds.php</ref>
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'''Elevation:'''In Russia, high elevation places (such as Mount Elbrus, a tall mountain) is cold because air at higher points is less dense, therefore holding less heat. In addition, temperature decreases with altitude, so Mount Everest would be extremely cold because of its high altitude. The Caspian Sea, a low elevation point, is going to be warmer because air at lower points is denser and therefore holds more heat.<ref name= rmets>http://www.rmets.org/activities/schools/local_winds.php</ref>
  
 
'''Topography:''' Mountain ranges, like the Ural Mountain Range LOOK AT MAP, can act as barriers to wind and rainfall, so areas on the leeward side of mountains (such as BLANK) will have drier climates. The Ural Mountains can have a cooler temperature because temperature decreases with altitude.  <ref name= rmets>http://www.rmets.org/activities/schools/local_winds.php</ref>
 
'''Topography:''' Mountain ranges, like the Ural Mountain Range LOOK AT MAP, can act as barriers to wind and rainfall, so areas on the leeward side of mountains (such as BLANK) will have drier climates. The Ural Mountains can have a cooler temperature because temperature decreases with altitude.  <ref name= rmets>http://www.rmets.org/activities/schools/local_winds.php</ref>
  
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'''Proximity to Water:'''Locations near water in Russia (like BLANK) have a higher precipitation level than places farther away from water.<ref name=aip>http://www.aip.org/history/climate/oceans.htm</ref>
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'''Proximity to Water:''' Climate is also changed by Russian locations’ proximity to water.  Locations near water such as: Rostov-Na-Donu, Sochi, and Astrakhan have a higher precipitation level than places farther away from water such as: Surgat, Tomsk, and Nizhniy Tagil.<ref name=aip>http://www.aip.org/history/climate/oceans.htm</ref>
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+
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'''Prevailing Winds:''' BLANK
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'''Vegetation:''' BLANK
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'''Prevailing Winds:''' Prevailing winds can also change climate.  Prevailing winds can change water’s surface temperature which can easily change the temperature of cities on the coast such as Okhotsk, Maykhop, and Tumany.
  
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'''Russia is a High/Low Pressure Zone:''' BLANK
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'''Vegetation:''' Vegetation also changes the climate.  Places with forests such as Pechora Ylych will warm slower than places with meadows or no trees which warm quickly.
  
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'''Ocean Currents:''' Cold ocean currents, like the BLANK current, can cool off nearby areas (like BLANK), while warm ocean currents like the BLANK current can warm up nearby areas (like BLANK).<ref name=aip>http://www.aip.org/history/climate/oceans.htm</ref>
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'''Russia is a High/Low Pressure Zone:''' High and low pressure zones also affect climate.  In winter an intense high pressure system causes winds to blow from the south and southwest and in the summer a low-pressure system brings winds from the north and northwest.  High pressure zones tend to have sunny weather while low pressure zones mostly have cloud, rainy weather.  Since wind flows from a high pressure area to a low pressure zone if there is a high and low next to each other the location would be extremely windy.
 +
'''Ocean Currents:''' Ocean currents play a part in affecting climate as well.  A cold ocean current from the Sea of Okhotsk could cool off a high temperature area near it, and a warm ocean current from the Caspian Sea could warm up a low temperature area near it.<ref name=aip>http://www.aip.org/history/climate/oceans.htm</ref> '''Inaara, you still need to provide the name of the cold/warm ocean current and the example cities...'''
  
 
== '''China''' ==
 
== '''China''' ==

Revision as of 22:00, 2 December 2011

Link to Earth Science 7-Regions Page: Earth Science 7-Regions

Russia

Countries in Russia

Russia is a single country.


Latitude and Longitude Ranges

Latitude: about 50 degrees North to about 75 degrees North [1]

Longitude: about 28 degrees East to about 160 degrees West [1]


Elevation Range

The range is 5,661 meters from the highest spot to the lowest spot.[2]

  • Highest Spot: Mt. Elbrus = 5,633 meters[2]
  • Lowest Spot: Caspian Sea = -28 meters[2]


Large Bodies Of Water

Rivers: There are over 100,000 rivers with a length of 7 miles or greater, and even more streams, brooks, creeks, etc. [1]

Major rivers:

Major Lakes: Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world (1,620 meters). [1]


Major Topographic Features

  • Ural Mountain Range [1]
  • The broad European Plain extends from the Ural Mountains to its western borders with Europe. [1]
  • The Caucasus Mountains include the country's highest point, Mt. Elbrus. [1]
  • The Central and Southern areas include large fertile areas, marsh, steppes (plains without trees) and massive coniferous forests. [1]
  • A few mountain ranges on the Kamchatka Peninsula contain active volcanoes.[1]

Bordering Oceans

  • Arctic Ocean [2]
  • North Pacific Ocean[2]


Climate (using Koppen Scale)

Almost all of the top part of Russia is Dfc, the most common subarctic climate. Locations in the Dfc area, such as Siberia, have cold, long winters and brief cool summers. Inaara, you still have about 2 or 3 other climate zones in Russia. PLEASE look at a Koppen map.

Monthly Highs and Lows

  • January- High: 24°, Low: 17°[3]
  • February- High: 25°, Low: 16°[3]
  • March- High: 36°, Low: 24°[3]
  • April- High: 51°, Low: 36°[3]
  • May- High: 65°, Low: 46°[3]
  • June- High: 71°, Low: 54°[3]
  • July- High: 75°, Low: 58°[3]
  • August- High: 71°, Low: 54°[3]
  • September- High: 60, Low: 46°[3]
  • October- High: 47°, Low: 37°[3]
  • November- High: 32°, Low: 26°[3]
  • December- High: 25°, Low: 18°[3]


Average Monthly Rainfall

  • January- 1.57 in[3]
  • February- 1.28 in[3]
  • March- 1.07 in[3]
  • April- 0.95 in[3]
  • May- 1.54 in[3]
  • June- 2.33 in[3]
  • July- 2.19 in[3]
  • August- 2.22 in[3]
  • September- 1.81 in[3]
  • October- 1.96 in[3]
  • November- 1.5 in[3]
  • December- 1.41 in[3]


Average Precipitation

  • January- 1.7 in[4]
  • February- 1.4 in[4]
  • March- 1.3 in[4]
  • April- 1.7 in[4]
  • June- 3 in[4]
  • July- 3.7 in[4]
  • August- 3 in[4]
  • September- 2.6 in[4]
  • October- 2.3 in[4]
  • November- 2.3 in[4]
  • December- 2.2 in[4]


How These Things Affect Russia's Climate

Latitude: The latitude of Russia affects the climate because it is near the North Pole. This basically means that Russia's climate is mainly cold.

Elevation:In Russia, high elevation places (such as Mount Elbrus, a tall mountain) is cold because air at higher points is less dense, therefore holding less heat. In addition, temperature decreases with altitude, so Mount Everest would be extremely cold because of its high altitude. The Caspian Sea, a low elevation point, is going to be warmer because air at lower points is denser and therefore holds more heat.[5]

Topography: Mountain ranges, like the Ural Mountain Range LOOK AT MAP, can act as barriers to wind and rainfall, so areas on the leeward side of mountains (such as BLANK) will have drier climates. The Ural Mountains can have a cooler temperature because temperature decreases with altitude. [5]

Proximity to Water: Climate is also changed by Russian locations’ proximity to water. Locations near water such as: Rostov-Na-Donu, Sochi, and Astrakhan have a higher precipitation level than places farther away from water such as: Surgat, Tomsk, and Nizhniy Tagil.[6]

Prevailing Winds: Prevailing winds can also change climate. Prevailing winds can change water’s surface temperature which can easily change the temperature of cities on the coast such as Okhotsk, Maykhop, and Tumany.

Vegetation: Vegetation also changes the climate. Places with forests such as Pechora Ylych will warm slower than places with meadows or no trees which warm quickly.

Russia is a High/Low Pressure Zone: High and low pressure zones also affect climate. In winter an intense high pressure system causes winds to blow from the south and southwest and in the summer a low-pressure system brings winds from the north and northwest. High pressure zones tend to have sunny weather while low pressure zones mostly have cloud, rainy weather. Since wind flows from a high pressure area to a low pressure zone if there is a high and low next to each other the location would be extremely windy. Ocean Currents: Ocean currents play a part in affecting climate as well. A cold ocean current from the Sea of Okhotsk could cool off a high temperature area near it, and a warm ocean current from the Caspian Sea could warm up a low temperature area near it.[6] Inaara, you still need to provide the name of the cold/warm ocean current and the example cities...

China

Countries in China

China is a single country.


Latitude and Longitude Ranges

Approximate latitude: 18°15′N to 53°30′N [7]

Approximate longitude: 74°E to 134°30′°E[7]

Coordinates of its capital, Beijing:[7]

Latitude: 39°54′50″N [7]

Longitude: 116°23′30″E [7]


Elevation Range

Highest Spot: The highest point in China is Mount Everest. It is 8848.13 m high. They are between Nepal and China, but we can say that it is the highest mountain in China. [1]

Lowest Spot: Turpan Pendi (the Turpan Depression) 700 meters[7]

Major Topographic Features

Major Rivers:

  • Hong Ze Hu[7]


Volcanoes:

  • Baekdu Mountain[7]
  • Honggeertu[7]
  • Holocene Jingbo[7]
  • Keluo Group[7]
  • Holocene Kunlun Volcanoes[7]
  • Leizhou Bandao[7]
  • Holocene Longgang Group[7]
  • Tianshan Volcanic Group[7]
  • Holocene Wudalianchi[7]


Mountains:

  • Heng Shan Bei[7]
  • Heng Shan Nan[7]


Bordering Oceans

The Pacific Ocean,the Mediterranean Sea, and the China Sea border China.[7]

=Climate (using Koppen Scale)

Using the Koppen Climate Scale, the climate is very arid and dry and humid subtropical in the country china. China's Year Average Temperature 11.8 °C, Year Average High Temperature 17.5 °C, Year Average Low Temperature 6.1 °C. The average annual rainfall 578 mm[2] [3]

Monthly Highs and Lows

January high:35 lows:15

Febuary high: 39 lows:20 [4]

March high: 52 lows:31 [5]

April high: 68 lows:45 [6]

May high: 80 lows: 56 [7]

June high:87 lows:: 65 [8]

July high: 87 lows:71 [9]

August high: 85 lows:69 [10]

September high:78 lows:58 [11]

October high: 66 lows:45 [12]

November high: 50 lows:31 [13]

December high: 38 lows:20 [14]

Average Monthly Rainfall

January- 3.0 (mm)[15]

Febuary- 7.4 (mm)[16]

March- 8.6 (mm)[17]

April- 19.4 (mm)[18]

May - 33.1 (mm)[19]

June- 77.8 (mm)[20]

July- 192.5 (mm)[21]

August- 212.3 (mm)[22]

September- 57.0 (mm)[23]

October- 24.0 (mm)[24]

November- 6.6 (mm)[25]

December- 2.6(mm)[26]

Average Precipitation

FIll in here

How These Things Affect China's Climate

Latitude: The climate in China is extremely diverse due to its wide coverage, assortment of terrains as well as the different distances to the sea from different locations. The tremendous differences in latitude, longitude, and altitude cause much variation in precipitation and temperature within China, which combine to make the climate in China climate very complex. Most of China lies in the temperate belt, with its south in subtropical belt and north in subarctic belt. Climates vary a lot from region to region because of the country's extensive territory and complex landscapeIn most parts of China, summer coincides with much rainfall and winter coincides with little rainfall due to the influence of the southeast monsoon. However, in northeast China summer is short, with mostly sunshine as it is less cloudy, while winter is long and cold. The cold temperature within the northwest of China, mean rainfall is limited.

Elevation: The higher in altitude the colder the temperature. Temp. drop 4°F every 1000 feet. That means that 75° at the bottom and 10000 feet up it will be 35°. This colder temp does affect plant growth but it also affects the soil which in turn affects plant growth. Mountain vegetation (depending on the elevation) is comparable to the vegetation in areas of high latitude. Areas found up in the northern regions are affected by the colder temp as are the soils - same happens in mountainous areas.

You tend to see more evergreens and soils are more acidic and less rich (poor nutrients). You will also get your permafrosts. Eventually a treeline occurs - mountain tops become treeless as does the north arctic areas. You find mosses growing in and around the rocks with some shrubs whereever there is enough soil for the roots to take.

"An increase in altitude, such as climbing a mountain is similar to heading north (in the northern hemisphere) plant and animal species will be similar at a mountain top to those which are further north. " [27]

Topography: The territory of modern China is characterized by dramatic geographical diversity. Topographically, it is low in the east and high in the west. The land surface ascends like a three-step staircase. The plains and lowlands in the east and southeast constitute the first step, occupying about 12 percent of the land. Two-thirds of the country, the two higher steps, are mostly mountains and high plateaus. [28]

Proximity to Water;

Prevailing Winds:

Vegetation:

China is a High/Low Pressure Zone:

Ocean Currents:

Japan

Countries in Japan

Although it is a chain of islands, Japan is a single country.


Latitude and Longitude Ranges

  • Latitude Range: about 24 degrees North to 44 degrees North[1]
  • Longitude Range about 123 degrees East to 145 degrees East[1]


Elevation Range

Highest Spot: Fujiyama(3,776 meters)[2]

Lowest Spot: Hachiro-gata (-4 meters)[2]


Large Bodies Of Water

  • Sea of Japan [2]
  • Philippine Sea[2]
  • East China Sea[2]

Major Topographic Features

Volcanoes:

  • Sakura-jima[2]
  • AsamaKomaga-take[2]
  • Suwanosejima[2]

Japan contains four main islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu) and numerous smaller islands to the north and south, all prone to earthquakes. [8]


Bordering Oceans

  • North Pacific Ocean[2]


Climate (using Koppen Scale)

Fill in here

Monthly Highs and Lows

Fill in here

Average Monthly Rainfall

Fill in here

Average Precipitation

Fill in here

How These Things Affect Japan's Climate

Latitude: Japan’s latitude is located in the temperate zone, a very similar latitude to that of Eastern United States. Because it is in this zone, the temperatures are usually warm and mild. [9]

Elevation: Japan ranges in elevation from 500 feet, to around 5,000 feet. In the areas closer to sea level, like BLANK, it is generally warmer than those at the mountaintops, like Mount Fuji, where snow is common. [10]

Topography: Japan is rugged and mountainous in most areas. On these mountains, precipitation is common and temperatures are colder. Once past a mountain, the air tends to be less saturated, and precipitation is less common. [10]

Proximity to Water; Japan is a string of islands completely surrounded by water, which brings many rainy days and lots of typhoons (5-6 a year)[11]

Prevailing Winds: In winter months, prevailing winds coming from the northwest provide large amounts of rainfall in cities such as Niigata, on the western side of Japan. In summer months, prevailing winds coming from the southeast lead to great amounts of rain in eastern cities, such as Tokyo.[12]

Vegetation: Since the maritime location brings steady amounts of rain and constant humidity, rice, an essential food staple in many Asian countries, thrives in the area.[9]

Japan is a High/Low Pressure Zone: BLANK BLANK BLANK.  :(

Ocean Currents:Major ocean currents in Japan including the warm Kuroshio current and the cold Oyashio Current. These currents affect Japan's climate by BLANK BLANK BLANK. [11]

http://www.utexas.edu/depts/grg/kimmel/GRG301K/grg301kkoppen.html Cwa, Dfa, and Dfb zones Cwa: Humid, onshore movement in summer, cyclonic storms in winter Dfa: Humid continental hot summers with year round precipitation Dfb: Humid continental mild summer with year round rainfall

http://fairweatherfashion.wordpress.com/category/fashion-and-lifestyle/

Japan is a low pressure system

Average temperature of city in Dfa zone (Aomori): Jan: 34(high)-23(low), Feb: 35-22, Mar: 41-27, Apr: 55-36, May: 65-46, Jun: 70-55, July: 77-63, Aug: 81-66, Sept: 73-57, Oct: 63-44, Nov: 51-35, Dec: 39-28 Average precipitation (In order January through December): 6.7, 4.8, 3.2, 2.7, 2.8, 3.4, 4, 5.5, 5, 3.9, 5.3, 6.4

Average temp of Asahikawa (Dfb): 24/7, 26/8, 35/18, 50/31, 64/42, 72/52, 78/60, 79/61, 70/50, 57/38, 42/28, 30/17 Average precip: 2.9, 2, 2, 2, 2.6, 2.8, 3.8, 6.3, 5.2, 4.4, 4.6, 3.7

Average temp of tokyo (Cwa): 49/34 49/35 54/39 64/50 73/58 77/65 83/72 87/75 80/68 70/57 61/48 53/39 Average precip:1.8 2.4 3.9 4.9 5.4 7.3 5 5.8 7.1 6.5 3.5 1.8

http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/

Links

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 http://www.worldatlas.com
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 http://weather.uk.msn.com/monthly_averages.aspx?&wealocations=wc%3aRSXX0063&q=Moscow%2c+RUS&setunit=F
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/RSXX0063
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 http://www.rmets.org/activities/schools/local_winds.php
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 http://www.aip.org/history/climate/oceans.htm
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 http://www.noaa.gov
  8. ↑ http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+jp0005)
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/japan/japanworkbook/geography/japgeo.html
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/mountains/climate.htm
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 http://www.photius.com/countries/japan/climate/japan_climate_climate.html
  12. ↑ http://www.slideshare.net/reservoirgeogs/japan-climate-presentation
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