Difference between revisions of "History 8 India Manual questions"

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3. Give the material markers of the [[Mohenjo Daro]]  civilization.
 
3. Give the material markers of the [[Mohenjo Daro]]  civilization.
Give the material markers of the Mohenjo Daro  civilization
 
The material markers of the Mohenjo Daro civilization were the stone sculptures and carvings, the symbolic objects, the class divisions, and the buildings. The  people of Mohenjo Daro did not create these amazing pieces of art in order to glorify their power, and there was an absence of any relation to warfare or conquered enemies in their art.  Almost all of the symbolic figures, sculptures, and carvings were relatively small.  Many people think the figures that had been created symbolized the  ancient ancestral leaders of their community.  Furthermore, animal figures were also constructed in the Mohenjo Daro civilization.  All of the figurines made were composed of terracotta, bronze, faince, or shell.  Archaeologists have found evidence of other material items such as musical instruments, pottery, and toys.  The people of Mohenjo Daro were distinguished in classes by what they wore.  The wealthier people might have worn bangles and necklaces made of rare metals. These material markers expressed the type of people that lived in Mohenjo Daro, and they set the wealthy people apart from the common people.
 
 
CF Manual pg 150-151
 
 
http://www.mrdowling.com/612-mohenjodaro.html
 
 
Camila Chabayta
 
 
  
 
4. Who were the [[Aryans]] and what influence did they have upon traditional Indian culture? Include the caste system; its origins and effects.
 
4. Who were the [[Aryans]] and what influence did they have upon traditional Indian culture? Include the caste system; its origins and effects.
 
The Aryans were a tribal and nomadic people who migrated from Euro-Asia to the floodplain along the Ganges River in around 1500 BC. They were a warlike people who believed in storm and sky gods. The Aryans adopted nothing from the Harappan culture in the Indus Valley, which was dying. The Aryans organized themselves into different tribal units and spread throughout northwestern India. The first period of Aryan history is the Rig Vedic Period (1700-1000 BC), where the people divided into four castes, or classes. These classes were the Brahmans (priests), Kshatriya (warriors and nobles), Vaishya (craftspeople and merchants), and Shudra (servants).This system is called the caste system. The caste system led to the foundation of Hinduism, an elaborate religion that is one of the most important parts of Indian history. Arguably, the Aryans had a great influence on the traditional Indian culture by creating a whole new political system and religion.
 
 
Sources: Manual pgs. 152-153, [http://library.thinkquest.org/11372/data/history1.htm 1], [http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/india/AryanMig.html 2]
 
 
By Ellie Davidson
 
  
 
5. Define and describe the [["sacred geography"]] of India.   
 
5. Define and describe the [["sacred geography"]] of India.   

Revision as of 11:10, 27 March 2013

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1. Describe the impact of the environment on the Rise and Fall of Indus Civilization. Environment has had an impact on all civilizations throughout history, specifically, India has been impacted by droughts, monsoons, and storms. The most popular environmental impact in India is monsoons. The people in India find the monsoons to be a gift from the gods, telling them that water will come again and the crops will be harvested. A less popular climate change is the droughts, the droughts make the crops impossible to grow.

Augie Avery

2. Describe the elements of Harrapan civilization.

3. Give the material markers of the Mohenjo Daro civilization.

4. Who were the Aryans and what influence did they have upon traditional Indian culture? Include the caste system; its origins and effects.

5. Define and describe the "sacred geography" of India.

India was a focal point in religious views, containing 270 holy places spread across it's lands. For example: Prayag, the most famous holy site, was depicted as the spot where the universe was convieved, a mound emerging from the water. The land in India was woven throughout the history and the religion.

Helen Dodd

Sources:

Manual page 153

[1]

6. What is the importance of Prayag?

7. Describe the three main Hindu gods.

8. Describe the three goddesses.

9. Who is Buddha?

10. What are the Three Universal Truths?-

11. What are the Four Noble Truths?

12. What is the Eightfold Path?

13. What is the Tipitaka?

14. What are the main branches of Buddhism? Describe each

15. What was the Axis age?

During the sixth century BC, the Ganges cities civilization produced an amazing intellectual and religious flowering. After vanishing from the Indus cities, writing was re-introduced! Astronomy, geometry, grammar, phonetics, and etymology all came from this time. A material that was greatly focused on was religion and philosophy. During the Axis Age great speculation about the creation of the world were made. The Axis Age is called the Axis Age because so many of the great thinkers of history were alive at the same time. For example: Buddha and Mahavira in India, Pythagoras and Heraclitus in Greece, the greatest of the Old Testament prophets, and Confucius and Lao Tzu in China. This coincidence of lives suggests that the ancient world was undergoing a crisis of spirit and opportunity. Fundamental questions about the nature of God, about the purpose of life on Earth, and about the basis and authority of the kings and states began to arise in the ancient civilizations. At the heart of it all were the two main questions: How do you persuade your citizens to act as moral human beings? How do you persuade them to be good?

Cite: History Manual Pg 157

Sophie Worscheh

16. Who was Ashoka and what did he try to accomplish?

17. Give the essential ideas of Asoka's edicts.